Competing for nothing

I believe it was in 2019 that Leagues were introduced, presumably as a way to motivate people. My activity level has kept me in the Obsidian League by and large in the years since (I peeked into the Diamond League one week out of curiosity). I believe there used to be 30 people in each League, and the five or six lowest were demoted, while the five highest in Obsidian were promoted. (In lower leagues the 7 highest were promoted.)

The past week, they had suddenly changed this. There were 20 people in the league (I don’t remember if that started earlier or if it was 30 all the way until last week) and everyone from 11 down was demoted. The game kept telling me to hurry so as to not get demoted, but this actually had the opposite effect on me. There was no way I would do more exercises than usual if there was a risk of this pushing someone else into demotion, if there really were people who took this seriously.

The whole thing is pointless, since the exercises are exactly the same regardless of league. If there was some extra content in the highest leagues, it would make a bit of sense to compete for it, but I still wouldn’t since that would ruin the game for others. The only reason I have stayed in the Obsidian League all this time is that it was a good match for my activity level. I couldn’t get demoted if I did my daily exercises or even two of them.

As of an hour ago, I am in the Pearl League, where only the top 4 get promoted (same as Obsidian), while everyone from 13 to 20 is demoted. I am seriously tempted to do less than usual to see how it looks in the Amethyst League…

Why this change? My best guess is that the League system was getting top-heavy, with a large portion of the learners in the top Leagues. By rebalancing the Leagues, it may be easier to tell from the League what activity level you belong to. But for me, it may actually cause me to do fewer exercises. I honestly feel bad about pushing people down who make a serious effort but are demoted simply because there isn’t room for them in the League. I don’t really think this was what Duolingo was aiming for, given the nagging to not get demoted. But then again, not everyone has wisdom from Heaven, even though it is free for the asking.

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Duo is sick (and not in a good way)

The icon for Duolingo has been updated to show a portrait of a sick owl. It looks so disgusting that I have stopped using the app on my primary phone, so as to avoid constantly seeing it in my Recent Apps list. But unfortunately, I think it is quite apt. I wonder if Duolingo employees have designed this as a cry for help, or a warning to leave the sinking ship. I am more surprised that it has been approved for rolling out to the masses.

Unfortunately, the picture describes how I feel things have turned out for Duolingo. It has gone into decline after the founders sold it.

The feature where Duolingo stood head and shoulder above the competition was the number of different available languages, both as native languages and target languages. After suddenly shutting down the Incubator, there are no new languages, those that were under development are not released, and those that were in beta are not completed. Instead, the new investors had chosen to focus on a couple of large Western languages (Spanish, French, and to some degree German, as far as I can see) – fewer than even their competitors. So far the other languages are kept running, but I am not sure how long even free money can keep them going.

Another early victim of the sale was the forums, which not only added to the enjoyment of learning a new language, but also provided valuable advice. Grammar lessons seem to also have fallen by the wayside. I fear that Duo is not only sick, but in terminal decline. It seems that the program will die without having achieved its goal. This is quite tragic. But at least it has been a long and slow decline, allowing us to make use of the work that was done before the creators sold out.

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The path ends in a roundabout

The path ends here.

When I first saw the Daily Refresh page, I thought: “Cool, a new feature!” I had recently returned from a week in hospital where I could not even charge my phone, let alone access a computer. So I assumed Duo was going to let me spend some time getting back up to speed. Haha, no. The daily refresh is what you get when the course is over. It took me weeks to realize this, because I could not imagine the Finnish course being so short. There is so much to learn, and I have only scratched the surface. I can’t even read a children’s book, let alone follow a YouTube video.

While the roundabout does use some of the most advanced grammar and vocabulary we have learned, it has a limited number of sentences. You’ll get through most of them the first day, and after a while, any mistakes are caused by misclicks, not misunderstandings.

So as much as it pains me, this seems to be it for Finnish on Duolingo. I may look into other programs to learn more Finnish, and move on with other languages on Duolingo. Even though they have removed useful features and stopped adding more languages, it is still the most fun way to learn or refresh the basics of a language.

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I see what you did there, Duo

I notice that if we do all or most of our daily quests, they get steadily harder. I am not sure how far Duo stretches that rubber band, because in the end I just don’t care that much about the imaginary characters and their bizarre projects. If I don’t have fun, why should they?

Finnish is difficult, no doubt about that, and I realize I have to repeat a lot after I spent a week without my smartphone in January. (An accident landed me in hospital for some serious surgery, and it took some time before I could resume my language practice.) But I would bet good money that this stretching of the goals is a feature that is built into the system for all languages. Since most users pay by watching ads rather than a monthly subscription like I do, it makes sense to try to keep them clicking. Until they get fed up and leave, at least.

We are paying for your boardroom furniture, don’t insult our intelligence if you want to continue to use that furniture.

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One feature is missing

In one of the generic Spaced Repetition Learning programs I used earlier – either Supermemo or Mnemosyne – you could mark a card as hard even if you remembered it correctly. I would like to have this as an option in Duolingo as well. I believe that in other programs, you were expected to grade your answers from 3 difficulty levels, or perhaps it was 5? In Duolingo, I would be satisfied if there was just a small button off to the side with some symbol on it. The dumbbells are already used for the training section, so perhaps a weight or some such, or a “steep angle” traffic sign? Anyway, it should be an option to press this to signal that you would like to have this exercise repeated earlier than the rest.

The button should not be active if the on-screen exercise contains a new word or your first meeting with a new grammatical feature. These are prioritized automatically, I believe, so pressing the button might give the usual feedback (perhaps a small sound) but not be counted. But if you get an exercise with only familiar words and you still struggle and only get it right because you lucked out to pick the correct answer out of the two or three you were thinking of, then this button would be very useful. It would allow you to repeat the exercise during training sessions without losing a heart.

Today, the only way to mark a sentence for repetition is to deliberately get it wrong. For us paying customers who have unlimited hearts, this is a viable strategy (since we have unlimited hearts), but it just feels wrong so I pretty much never use it.

Hopefully, Duolingo notices whenever we use the hints feature (which I love, by the way). But sometimes there are no hints, but the exercise can still be so hard that I only got it right by sheer luck. And there is no way I can tell Duolingo that. But there ought to be. We should not need to keep a text file where we write down the hard phrases and practice them manually. It breaks the immersion and the playfulness of the learning game.

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Dumbbells in Android: It almost feels like cheating

I ran into a rough patch in my Finnish course. As a paying subscriber, I have unlimited “hearts” so I could have just moved ahead, but it seemed like a bad idea. Some people complain about the “hearts” system, and I did not really miss it when it went away back in the days, but then they put it back with 5 hearts instead of 3, and now I love it. If I make that many errors, I must be moving too fast. I agree with Duolingo on that, and I don’t want to buy my way out of that. I am not here to finish the course but to learn.

On the Android phone app, I could not do anything with the hearts except wait, and repeating old lessons only gave me 5 XP per bubble. But on the website there were still dumbbells (training weights) that I remembered from earlier in the game. Choosing this would let you repeat topics Duolingo thought you might be on the verge of forgetting, and clearing them would give you 10 XP and restore 1 lost heart. So while it gave less XP than moving forward right away, it gave acceptable XP and fulfilled a useful function.

But then one day there were dumbbells on my Android app too! And not only that, but when I tried them, I found that they gave 20 XP! That is a lot of XP for basically doing 10 exercises from the previous two topics. If I had double XP for clearing a topic or one of their daily “happy hour” events, I could get 40 XP for each, and could easily rack up 80 or even 100 XP before the double XP ran out. So yeah, it feels a bit like cheating. Doing this took me to number 2 in the Obsidian league this week, on Saturday. So on Sunday, I waited with my daily exercises till after the league was finished. I got number 6, so I just barely escaped going into the Diamond league, the highest one. I really feel that should be reserved for serious students, and not for someone exploiting an app feature.

OK, it is not technically cheating. The previous two topics are typically in need of practice, and harder than the early lessons that I would sometimes randomly get on the website when using dumbbells. Not only have I repeated the early lessons so many times already, but the lessons get exponentially harder the further you come. And by that I mean that you not only learn rarer (and usually longer) words, but at the same time you learn new and more alien grammatical features. I wish they had stuck with one of those things per topic, like teaching us the new words first and the new grammar next.

Since I have a paid account, I can’t easily see the remaining hearts, so I am not sure if the dumbbells restore hearts on the app too. I suspect not, because I get notification hours later that my hearts are full again. So that is one thing I would like to see different. Another is that I think 15 XP would be more fitting (same as for ordinary lessons) or even 10 like on the website. That way I would not be tempted to stop moving forward at all and just float on the listening exercises.

Duolingo is constantly adding and removing features, often doing so only for some of their users in order to compare and see which approach causes the most progress and least quitters. So maybe it will be gone soon. Or maybe it will be nerfed (toned down) to a less cheat-like level. I think the latter would be best. But it does make me practice more. I am getting pretty good at the previous two lessons now. ^_^;

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The competition heats up!? League’s ahead!

I am still not a fan of the recent changes to Duolingo, but it certainly looks like others are: The competition in the Obsidian League is off the charts, certainly compared to before.

Duolingo groups its users in leagues depending on how active we are. You start in the Bronze league, and if you have more XP than most, you can advance to silver by the end of the week. If you have less than the others, you are demoted.  Next week you can advance to gold, and so on to sapphire, ruby, emerald, amethyst, pearl, obsidian, and finally diamond. Within each league, you compete in a group of 30 almost-random users: Those who happen to complete their first lesson of the week around the same time as yourself. This should in theory be random, but… If you start early on Monday morning, you are probably a competitive player and will compete with others of the same type. If you wait till late in the evening, you will probably compete with more casual players who still care about their daily streak, but perhaps not much more.

Well, I used to hang out in the Obsidian League for a long time under the old system, but dumped down in Pearl around the time they switched to the winding path system. (I can’t recall if this was related or just a coincidence.) This week I came back to Obsidian, and wow, the competition is insane. Back in the day, I could comfortably stay in Obsidian by doing two exercises a day. Some days I only needed to do one. Now? This week, the lowest user that is not in the demotion zone has 617 XP. It will probably be more before the league closes in the evening. So 90 points per day are the bare minimum and may not be enough to stay. That would be 6 (error-free) regular exercises, although you can get double XP for 15 minutes by doing your training at specific times of the day or after completing a full bubble. But if you are just trying to learn and not gaming the system, 6 exercises a day is the norm here, and it is not even the highest league!

I guess I must have entered really early in the morning this week, but still. This is intense. I was in this league for months and never saw anything remotely like this. This morning, I am currently number 22 (24-30 are demoted) but unless I keep playing for a while, I will almost certainly be booted from the league by this hardcore crowd.

Luckily Duolingo.com, the website, still has the dumbbells (training exercises) that give 10 XP per session for exercises the AI picks for you. It is less than the 15 XP you get for progressing down the winding path, but more than the 5 XP you get for repeating earlier topics of your own choice. It also restores a lost “heart” for each session. As a paying member, I get unlimited hearts instead of getting put on pause if I lose five hearts, but I generally see hearts as a good mechanic, telling the student that he or she is progressing too far, too fast, and should repeat older stuff instead. However, the training feature is missing on my Android phone. So if you get locked out for too many mistakes, try the website instead, and use the dumbbells (while they still exist, I guess) to improve your skills and gain more XP. I mean, we are probably here to learn languages, but it is kind of a game too, so why not play it?

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Not all bad, just mostly

I see that a couple of posts ago, I pointed out the bizarre practice of giving double XP for simple exercises from long ago, instead of for recent exercises that you are still learning and likely to make mistakes on. I am happy to report that this is gone. It is now much harder to get bonus XP at all, and you don’t get it for repetitions anymore.

The option to repeat specific bubbles (topics) is entirely gone, you only get repetitions for the larger units of roughly 10 bubbles. That said, you can still repeat early units that are hilariously easy and get XP for it, just not double XP. In fact, it seems that repetitions now give half XP, 5 XP per session instead of the old 10.  And it seems that when I repeat a recent unit, Duolingo really does dredge up the harder exercises from that unit, so that even I (who progress very slowly and cautiously) make the occasional mistake. Good job! Overall, it is much harder to get XP than before. I have mixed feelings about this. I certainly think it was too easy before, but I feel that right now the system is not rewarding enough. It ought to give progressively more XP for harder exercises, not just low XP across the board. But I guess it beats giving the highest XP for the easiest exercises, at least.

Overall, Duolingo is harder to navigate, harder to “play”, less fun, and less rewarding, but it was excessively easy before, so the change is not all bad. I used to be able to maintain my position in the Obsidian league with only 5-10 minutes a day, which frankly isn’t enough to make any serious progress in learning a difficult language. Especially when you’re motivated to only do super easy exercises. It should be more effective now… if we stick with it.

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Downward spiral spirals downward

Duolingo’s front page has a completely new design, which appropriately brings my thought to a downward spiral. It is actually more of a winding path, veering from side to side. Gone are the times when you could usually choose between two or three bubbles or nibble a bit of one and a bit of another. Now it is strictly sequential, although you can still go back and repeat earlier bubbles. It is just harder to find them, and really hard to see how far you have come on them. On the bright side, the “crown levels” are gone now that we finally have gotten used to them.

 

I can’t help but feel that this is another attempt at dumbing down Duolingo. This was probably unavoidable when Duolingo was sold to the highest bidder some time ago. The first thing that was closed down was the Incubator, which let bilingual enthusiasts make their own language courses using the Duolingo system tools. Next the forums were closed, where native speakers and more advanced learners provided helpful advice for free.

The problem with dumbing down a language learning program is that dumb people don’t want to learn languages unless they must. Intelligence is not simply a quantitative measure of your brain’s processing capacity. On a small scale yes, that is what you measure. But on a larger scale, people with higher intelligence have different interests from people with lower intelligence. And learning languages for fun is simply not something dumb people do, which is why it makes no sense to dumb down a program like this.

I fear this is just the continuation of a downward spiral into oblivion, where customers gradually peel off Duolingo to find services that respect them more. This is tragic, because Duolingo was an amazing idea. Hopefully it will still take some years before it becomes completely useless.

PS: The website https://www.duolingo.com/ is still in the old style, although that will probably change after a while as it has before. Grab it while it is still there!

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Unbalanced repetitions

We should be encouraged to practice the difficult part, not the trivially easy parts. But as of March 2022, repetition in Duolingo is unbalanced in this regard.

Yes, I am riffing on the metaphorical use of “unbalanced” to refer to people who are mentally unstable, although I don’t think this literally applies to the good folks at Duolingo, and hopefully won’t be the effect on users either. Although it certainly doesn’t help.

You see, Duolingo has a lovable feature now that lets you “repair” bubbles (themes) that you have already maxed, either by getting them to “legendary” (blue) or just to the maximum level, 5. When some time has passed, the bubbles appear broken with cracks through them, and you are offered double XP for repairing them. This is a pretty good motivation, since XP is what you need to maintain your daily streak. (Although in my case I have only picked 20 XP per day, so it doesn’t really matter. Still, it gives a sense of accomplishment and makes the process of learning more like a game.)

So far, so good. The problem is that the system for picking bubbles to repair pays no attention to whether those lessons were easy or hard. It makes no sense to repeat “Basics 1” in the Finnish course, or at least not more than once a year, since it teaches things you use all the time later on. Likewise, you wouldn’t want to repeat Hiragana 1 in the Japanese course unless you had been away for a year, because you use Hiragana in almost every lesson for the rest of the course.

Duolingo starts very gently, something I deeply appreciate. But after a while, the learning curve starts rising steeply, especially for languages that are very different from English. This is because as you progress, Duolingo adds not only new vocabulary but also new grammar features at the same time. And on top of that, it increases the length and complexity of sentences. And on top of the top, the spoken examples speed up. I assume this will become a problem at a different time for different people, depending on your intelligence and your background in similar languages.

For me in Finnish, the steep uphill started in earnest around the middle of Unit 2, with the lesson called Coffee. This introduces a couple of grammatical features we don’t have in English, like the two different meanings of “to drink”. (“I want to drink something” versus “I want something to drink”. An Englishman will normally say these mean the same thing, but that is not so in Finnish. “Something to drink” is basically translated the same way as “something drinkable”. So one sentence focuses on the nature of the action, but the other sentence focuses on the nature of the object, and the grammar is different.)

Of the next two lessons, Europe was fairly easy because it concentrates on the new grammatical case, inessive. In Finnish, you add -ssa/ssä at the end of the word instead of the preposition “in” that we use in English (and similar prepositions in other Germanic and Romance languages). So that is odd for us, and Duolingo properly devotes the whole lesson to this, teaching only a few new words, and then mainly names of European cities. This is the best way to do things, I think, concentrating each lesson either on new vocabulary or a new grammatical feature, not several things all at once.

My point (finally!) is that I need to repeat those difficult lessons very soon after I have learned them, and then with gradually longer intervals for a while. But the super-easy lessons don’t need to be repeated, or only every half year perhaps. It makes no sense to get the same XP for repeating the words for boy and girl as I get for repeating obscure Uralic grammar. If available at all, the first should count for 5 XP and the latter for 50 XP. That would make sense. And then move those numbers down the language tree as we progress, so that the newest lessons would be repeated more often and give more XP. This would also fit what we know in the 21st century about the neurobiology of learning.

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